Fred Astaire danced up walls and across ceilings in the movies. Choreographers defy gravity differently in Digital Dance.

New media artist Paul Kaiser and others collaborated with Bill T. Jones in "Ghostdancing" and Merce Cunningham in "Hand-drawn Spaces." Techniques include attaching cameras tracking reflectors to dancers' bodies: "the movements were then manipulated electronically and re-choreographed on a computer screen to make an original virtual performance" (Zoe Ingalls, Chronicle of Higher Education, 29 Jan. 1999: A29).